Cannabis Legalization in Virginia: Where We Stand in 2025
In 2021, former Virginia Governor Ralph Northam signed a bill that legalized recreational cannabis use starting July 1, 2021. Since then, the Commonwealth has seen significant developments in cannabis policy. Here’s an updated overview of the current cannabis landscape in Virginia.
Recreational Cannabis Use in 2025
As of 2025, adults aged 21 and older are allowed to:
- Possess up to one ounce (28.35 grams) of cannabis for personal use.
- Cultivate up to four cannabis plants per household for personal use.
- Purchase cannabis from licensed retailers.
Retail Sales and Social Equity
The state has implemented a social equity program to prioritize licenses for individuals and communities disproportionately affected by past cannabis enforcement.
Public Consumption and Safety Laws
- Smoking cannabis is prohibited in places where tobacco smoking is banned (Virginia Clean Indoor Air Act).
- Public intoxication, driving under the influence, and selling cannabis to minors remain illegal.
- The Virginia Cannabis Control Authority oversees regulations and licensing.
Employment and Cannabis Use
Virginia employers are prohibited from discriminating against employees for legal off-duty cannabis use. Additionally, employers must:
- Evaluate positive drug test results in context, considering valid medical cannabis use.
- Provide clear workplace policies regarding cannabis use during work hours.
Medical Cannabis Program
Virginia’s medical cannabis program continues to operate alongside the recreational market. As of 2025, there are over 50,000 registered medical cannabis patients in the state.
Looking Ahead
In 2025, Virginia lawmakers are expected to debate further cannabis reforms, including:
- Expungement of past cannabis convictions.
- Allowing on-site consumption at licensed cannabis lounges.
- Expanding medical cannabis access for out-of-state patients.
Stay tuned for more updates on cannabis policy in Virginia.
